Login
Section Elementary Education Method

The Effect of Ethno Puzzle Learning Media on the Descriptive Writing Skills of Fourth Grade Elementary School Students

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Etno Puzzle Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi Siswa IV Sekolah Dasar
Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): February:

Dhiya Putri Rahmawati (1), Mahardika Darmawan Kusuma Wardana (2)

(1) Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Indonesia
(2) Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Indonesia

Abstract:

General Background: Descriptive writing is an important language skill in elementary education, yet students may experience difficulties in developing ideas, selecting vocabulary, organizing paragraphs, and applying language conventions. Specific Background: At SD Islam Nurul Hikam Banjarbendo, fourth-grade students showed limitations in developing ideas, organizing descriptions, and applying spelling and punctuation, indicating the need for more contextual learning media. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have examined puzzle and visual media for language learning, but empirical evidence concerning puzzle media that integrates local wisdom through an ethnopedagogical approach remains limited. Aims: This study examines the use of Ethno Puzzle learning media in developing fourth-grade students’ descriptive writing skills. Results: Using a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design, the study involved 20 fourth-grade students selected through saturated sampling. Data were collected through writing tests and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27. The paired sample t-test showed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (p < 0.001), while the mean N-Gain score of 0.6293 was categorized as fairly effective. Improvements were particularly observed in idea development, title-content alignment, word choice, sentence structure, paragraph coherence, and neatness, while spelling and punctuation required further practice. Novelty: The study applies Ethno Puzzle as a visual and manipulative learning medium that incorporates local wisdom within descriptive writing instruction. Implications: The findings suggest that Ethno Puzzle can serve as a contextual and locally grounded alternative for supporting descriptive writing instruction in elementary schools.


Key Findings Highlights


Students showed clearer idea development and more organized descriptive writing after the learning activities.


Local cultural content supported concrete observation and active student engagement during writing instruction.


Spelling and punctuation remained areas requiring continued practice despite broader writing improvement.


Keywords : Ethno Puzzle, Descriptive Writing, Learning Media, Local Wisdom, Elementary Education

References

H. G. Tarigan, Menulis Sebagai Suatu Keterampilan. Bandung: Angkasa, 2008.

H. Juliansyah, “Penggunaan Media Gambar Puzzle Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Deskripsi Siswa Kelas IV SDN II Krikilan,” JPGSD, vol. 02, no. 03, pp. 1–8, 2014.

Dalman, Keterampilan Menulis. Depok: PT RajaGrafindo Persada, 2020.

Ariyana, I. S. Ramdhani, and S. Sumiyani, “Merdeka Belajar Melalui Penggunaan Media Audio Visual pada Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Deskripsi,” Silampari Bisa: J. Penelit. Pendidik. Bhs. Indones., Daerah, dan Asing, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 356–370, 2020, doi: 10.31540/silamparibisa.v3i2.1112.

Nurmahanani and Y. Mulyati, “Penerapan Model Sosiokognitif Berbantuan Multimedia Interaktif dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Deskripsi di Sekolah Dasar,” J. Basicedu, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 9432–9439, 2022, doi: 10.31004/basicedu.v6i6.4080.

E. R. A. Fuadi and D. A. Sholihah, Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran. 2024.

T. Alwasilah, A. Chaedar, Karim Suryadi, and Karyono, Etnopedagogi: Landasan Praktik Pendidikan dan Pendidikan Guru. Bandung: Kiblat Buku Utama, 2018.

F. A. Umi, Serunya Belajar Biologi dengan Puzzle dalam Problem Based Learning. Surabaya: CV Pustaka Media Guru, 2020.

Suryadi, M. Damopolii, and U. Rahman, Teori Konstruktivisme dalam Pembelajaran PAI di Madrasah: Teori dan Implementasinya. Sukabumi: CV Jejak, 2022.

A. Hayati and Y. Yamin, “Media Puzzle Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Cerita Dongeng Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah Dasar,” J. Educ. FKIP UNMA, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 440–444, 2023, doi: 10.31949/educatio.v9i2.3043.

S. Khoirunnisa’ Wildayati and U. Kustiawan, “Media Puzzle Sebagai Alat Pembelajaran Kreatif: Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia di SD Laboratorium,” J. Lang. Lit. Arts, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 1043–1050, 2024, doi: 10.17977/um064v4i102024p1043-1050.

Maududi, E. Purwanto, and Awalya, “Influence of Pictorial Crossword Puzzle Media Toward Vocabulary Mastery and Initial Writing Skills of Elementary School Students,” J. Prim. Educ., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 318–323, 2018.

Muin, N. Isma, and E. Wahyuni, “Pengaruh Media Picture Puzzle Terhadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas IV SD,” J. Pendidik. Pembelajaran Sekol. Dasar, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 195–204, 2023.

N. Masita, A. F. Syamsuddin, and A. Latif, “Penerapan Media Picture Puzzle Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas IV SD Inpres,” vol. 2, pp. 525–530, 2025.

K. Apriliano and J. Agustina, “Pemanfaatan Media Puzzle untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Peserta Didik pada Materi Teks Deskripsi Melalui Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT),” JINU: J. Ilm. Nusant., vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 542–548, 2024.

J. Nuha, H. Hermansyah, N. Mujahidah, Y. Yusriadi, and N. Shobikah, “Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Narasi Menggunakan Media Puzzle pada Siswa Kelas IV MIN 1 Pontianak Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020,” J. Karya Ilm. Pendidik. dan Prakt. SD&MI, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2021, doi: 10.24260/jkipp.v1i1.175.

P. Luhgiatno, K. Destiana, and A. Wardhana, Metode Penelitian Manajemen. 2013.

E. D. Christiani, “Penggunaan Media Puzzle Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Deskripsi Kelas II Sekolah Dasar,” pp. 19–24, 2014.

M. F. Arib, M. S. Rahayu, R. A. Sidorj, and M. W. Afgani, “Experimental Research Dalam Penelitian Pendidikan,” Innov. J. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 5497–5511, 2024.

Sugiyono, Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. 2020.

S. Sugiyono, Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Penerbit Alfabeta Bandung, 2013.

M. Siagian Bunga Sari and M. Albina, “Konsep, Jenis, dan Penyusunan Instrumen Penelitian dalam Pendidikan,” pp. 251–259, 2025.

S. Siyoto and M. A. Sodik, Dasar Metodologi Penelitian. 2015.

Machali, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. 2021.

L. R. Aiken, “Three Coefficients for Analyzing the Reliability and Validity of Ratings,” Educ. Psychol. Meas., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 131–142, 1985, doi: 10.1177/0013164485451012.

M. Nur and M. Fadli, “Content Validity of KIP-K Scholarship Instruments at Higher Education Using Aiken’s Coefficient Validity Scale,” vol. 06, no. 03, pp. 934–947, 2022.

T. K. Koo and M. Y. Li, “A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research,” J. Chiropr. Med., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 155–163, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012.

J. Sarwono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif, 2nd ed. Yogyakarta: Suluh Media, 2018.

M. I. Sukarelawa, T. K. Indratno, and S. M. Ayu, N-Gain vs Stacking: Analisis Perubahan. 2024.

M. Sari, W. Novyanza, D. Effendi, and H. Hetilaniar, “Penggunaan Media Gambar dalam Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Deskriptif Siswa Kelas 5 SDN 10 Sembawa,” Khatulistiwa: J. Pendidik. dan Sos. Humaniora, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 617–626, 2026, doi: 10.55606/khatulistiwa.v6i1.9817.

R. Amalia and S. Hidayat, “Pengaruh Media Gambar Seri terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Deskripsi di Sekolah Dasar,” PEDADIDAKTIKA: J. Ilm. Pendidik. Guru Sekol. Dasar, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 125–134, 2023, doi: 10.17509/pedadidaktika.v10i1.53690.

S. N. Arifin, L. Kironoratri, and D. A. Santoso, “Pemanfaatan Media Gambar Berseri Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Deskripsi Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar,” J. Pendidik. DASAR PERKHASA: J. Penelit. Pendidik. Dasar, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 559–571, 2025, doi: 10.31932/jpdp.v11i1.4475.

R. Lubis, P. Nabila, N. I. Nasution, L. Azzahra, Hasraful, and F. Andina, “Pemikiran Konstruktivisme Dalam Pendidikan Kognitif,” J. Rev. Pendidik. dan Pengajaran, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 7899–7906, 2024.

D. Iranda and D. Rahmawati, “Factors Affecting Student Learning Achievement with E-Learning as Moderating Variables,” J. Pendidik. Akunt. Indones., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 19–40, 2023, doi: 10.21831/jpai.v21i1.57747.